Bit for mining-machines.



J. J. MOORE.

BIT FOR MINING MACHINES.

APPLICATION FILED APR.15,1912.-

1,O77,542. Patented Nov. 4, 1913.

2 SHEETS-SHEET l. v

Witnesses Inventor a/- Attorney;

J. J. MOORE.

BIT FOB. MINING MACHINES.

APPLICATION FILED APR.15, 1912.

1,077,542. I Patented Nov. 4, 1913.

2 SHEETSSHEET 2.

UNITED STATES PATENT oFFrcE.

JUSTUS J. MOORE, OF SPRINGFIELD, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOB OF ONE-FOURTH TO HARRY THOMAS, OF HARRISBURG, ILLINOIS, ONE-FOURTI-I 'TQ W. A. BR EWEETON, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, AND ONEvFOUR-TH "I0 "\V. B. MAY, 0] CLA'RKSBURG, WEST VIR- GINIA.

Specification of Letters Patent.

BIT FOR MINING-MACHINES.

Patented Nov. 4, 1913.

Application filed April 15, 1912. Serial No. 690,793.

have been found objectionable because the' cutting points thereof quickly become worn and often break, thus rendering the tool unfit for further .use until it has been resharpe ened. As a result it has been found necessary to have men, specially employed for sharpening the bits and this has, obviously, added considerable to the cost of mining. Furthermore, a-fter theibits have been sharpened a number of times, they become 'nnfit for further use and new ones must be substituted therefor. 1

It=is the object of the present invention ?to provide hits the cutting points of whichnre formed by separate pieces carried thereby, these points being, in-eflect, self-sharpening. A further object .is to provide a cutting attachment for bits which can beadjusted, when unduly worn, so as to be projected beyond the end of the body portion ofthe bit, this adjustment being easily accomplished without the use of any specialtools and mechanics.

Another object :is to provide-a tool of this character practically all ofthe wear on which is received by the adjustablemember.

A' further object is to provide a bit the wear element of which can be easily placed in or removed from position by the miner, the said element belng so shaped and pro-. portloned as to be easily carried in quantities without inconvenience so .that, when an old one is removed from the bit, a new one In the accompanying drawings the preferred forms of the invention have been shown.

In said drawings :Figure l is a longitudinal section through one form of the bit in position within a socket. Fig. 2 is a plan view ofthe bit shown in Fig. '1. Fig. 3 is -a longitudinal section through a modified Fig. 4 is a section on line form of bit. A B Fig. 3. Fig. 5 is a plan view of the bit shown in Figs. 3 and 4. Fig. 6 is a view partly in side elevation and partly in section ofanother modified form. Fig. 7 is a plan view thereof. Fig. 8 is a'section on line CD Fig.6. Fig. 9 is a side elevation of another modified form. Fig. 10 is a plan view thereof. Fig. 11 is a section on line EF Fig. 9. Fig. 12 is a longitudinal sectionthrough another modification. Fig. 13 is a section on line G.H Fig. 12. Fig.

.14 is a side elevation of another form of bit.

Fig. 15 .is a section on line IJ Fig. 14. F ig. 16 is a plan View of the bit'shown in Figs. 14. and '15. F 17 is a perspective view of another form of bit. Fig. 18 is a plan view of one form of cutting element. Fig. 19 is an end view thereof. Fig. 20 is a plan view of another form of cutting element. Fig. 21 is an end elevation thereof. Fig. 22 is a plan view of another form of cutting element; Fig. 23 ,is an end elevation .thereof. Fig. 24 is a plan view of another modified form of cutting element.

25 is an end-elevation thereof. ,Referring to the figures .by characters of reference ,1 designates an ordinary type of socket such as-commonlyemploycd in connection with mining machines of the standard types, thislsocket being provided with a-set screw 2 whereby the bit, after being inserted into the socket, can be securely held against displacement during the operation of the machine.

:It-might-be-stated, generally, that the bits constituting the present invention are of the usual or .any preferred contour,-and differ from .the bits commonly used in that the points of the mainportions or bodies of the bit do not engagethe surface being cut but, instead, are disposed back .of cutting elements whichare detachably and adjust-ably mounted on'the front or advancing facesof the bits, these elements being adapted to plow through the surface being out and, as they become worn, being adapted to be adjusted a desired distance beyond the points of the bit bodies.

Various types of bits embodying the present improvements have been devised and have been illustrated in the accompanying drawings. In the form shown in Figs. 1

and 2 the bit body 3 has its active end curved and tapered to a blunt edge 4 which, under conditions as they have heretofore existed,

' against the side walls of the channel 5 and extending back of the flanges 6 so as to be held in position thereby along the curved portion of the channel. One end of the cutting element projects beyond the edge 4 of the body 3, as clearly shown in Fi 1 so that said end, and not the edge 4:, will perform the cuttin operation during the actuation of the mac ine to which the bit is connected.

For the purpose of protecting the strip 7 from the abrasive action of the set screw 2, when said screw is tightened within the socket l, a wear strip or shim 8 is arranged withinthe channel 5 between the cutting element 7 and the set screw 2 so that all wear caused by the set screw will be received by this shim.

It is to be understood that after the projecting or active end of the cutting strip or element 7 has become unduly worn, the said strip can be adjusted simply by removing the bit from the socket 1 and then tapping the strip 7 longitudinally within the channel soas to cause its active end to project the desired distance beyond the blunt'end of the body 3. The shim 8 can then be replaced, the bit inserted in the socket, and set screw tightened whereupon the bit will be ready for further use. This operation can be repeated until the strip 7 becomes undesirably short whereupon said strip can be entirely removed and another one substituted therefor.

From the foregoing it is believed that the advantages of the present structure over the old type which requires constant resharpening by mechanics provided for-that purpose, will be plainly apparent.

Instead of providing retaining flanges 6 for holding the cutting element 7 within the curved portion of the channel, a cross member 9 may be formed integral with the bit body 3 so as to bridge the curved portion of the channel as shown in Figs. 3, 4 and 5. In

this modified structure the channel 10 in which the cutting element 11 is mounted is sufficiently deep to receive, in addition to said cutting element, a wear strip or shim 12 similar to the shim 8 shown in Figs. 1 and 2. If desired, however, and as shown in Figs. 6, 7 and 8,, the shim may be dispensed with and the cutting strip or element 13 may be seated within a channel 14 the depth'of which is substantially equal to the thickness of the cutting element. This type of bit is of course not as desirable as the type shown in Figs. 1 to 5 inclusive because the cutting element is engaged directly by the set screw 2 and thus becomes abraded to an undesirable extent. The bit Will, however,

work efliciently without the shim. The same is likewise true of the form illustrated in Figs. 1 and'2. If desired the shims shown in said figures can be dispensed with and the body of the bit can be formed with a channel 15 of a depth substantially equal to the thickness of the cutting element or strip 16, as shown in 9, 10 and 11.

Instead ofextending a channel throughout the length of the bit body, said body, which has been indicated at 17 in Fig. 12, canbe formed with a channel 18 extending up to a shoulder or abutment 1.9 and the cutting strip or element 20 may be seated in this channel and bear initially, against this abutment. The curved portion of the cut-- ting element can be held in the channel by a cross member or bridge 21 similar to that shown in Figs. 3', 4 and 5 and a wear strip or shim 22 can be seated in the channel and bear against the abutment 19, this shim being contacted by the set screw 2 in the socket and thus protecting the intermediate portion of the cutting element from wear. The abutment 19 is constantly contacted by one end of the shim while the bit is in use but the cutting element 20 can be-adjusted longitudinally, as'in the structures heretofore described, and, if deemed desirable, one or more filling strips such as indicated at 23, may be interposed between the abutment 19 and the cutting element 20 so as positively to hold said element against slipping backwardlv within the channel. It is to be understood of course that these filling devices are not necessary at all times as the pressure of the set screw upon the shim 22 will be such as to hold the cutting element against displacement within the channel.

In the form of bit shown in Fig. 14 the body 24 has a channel or passage 22) extending therethrough from the butt ;end of the body and opening through the front or advancing face of said body close to the tapered or blunt end 26 thereof. This channel or passage is straight for the greater portion of its length but is curved within the curved tapered end portion of the body. The cutting strip or element 27 is seated 1 scribed. The cutting element in this form can be adjusted simply by inserting a stripv 27 or the like into the butt end of the passage 25 and tapping it so as to drive the active strip 27 longitudinally until its free end is projected 'the desired distance beyond the end 26 of the body 24.

As shown in Fig. 17 the body 28 of the bit can be formed with a channel 29 to receive the cutting strip or element 30 and said element may be retained Within the curved portion of the channel by means of a tapered ferrule 31 fitting snugly on the rounded portion of the bit body or formed in one piece therewith.

It will be noted that in all types of bits herein described, the cutting ends of the elements project beyond the reduced blunt ends of the bit bodies. Inasmuch as the bits, while in use, travel along lines perpendicu-. lar to the longitudinal axes of the bits, it will be seen that the pressure against the active end of the cutting element 20 will be along a line extending past the bluntreduced end of the bit body. Thus the danger of pushing the cutting element 20 back up into the channel in which it is seated. is minimized. However the pressure of the set screw 2 upon the bit will be ample to prevent any such shifting of the cutting element relative to the bit body.

It has been found that different forms of cutting elements can be used in connection with the bit bodies- For example, an elongated element square in cross sectional contour and as shown at 32 in Figs. 1:8 and 19 can be used in lieu of flat elongated strips 33 oblong in cross sectional contour as shown in Figs. 20 and 21. Or, if preferred, an elongated cutting strip 34 which is bowed transversely, as shown particularly in Fig. 23, can be used. This last form is especially desirable for the reason that where a flat cutting element is employed, it has been found that the'corners of the active end thereof wear away faster than the intermediate portions. By using a strip which is bowed transversely, however, the active end thereof will wear awayevenly. The same result can be obtained by using a cutting element made up of an elongated strip V-shaped in cross section as shown in Figs. 24 and 25. It is to be understood of course that when strips such as shown in Figs. 22 and 24 are used the,channels in the bits must be correspondingly shaped so that the cutting elements will fit snugly within them. After a machine has been equipped with the proper bit bodies, it is only necessary to keep on hand a supply of cutting elements designed for use in conncction therewith and, as before stated,

these can be quickly placed in position by the miner with but little loss of time.

It is to be understood of course that the bits can be used in connection with any forms of mining machines. and can be grouped together in any desired relation or number.

An important advantage of the present device over hits such as heretofore used is found in the fact that after an ordinary form of bit has made three or four cuts it becomes dulled to such an extent as to pulverize the coal thereby greatly retarding the cutting action of the bit as Well as producing considerable waste dust. In the present structure, however, the cutting element chips the coal at all times and the cutting action is thus greatly facilitated.

lVhile the cutting element can be adjusted longitudinally by tapping it with a hammer or the like, it is to be understood that, if de- Although the cutting strip has been shown and described secured to the front or advancing face of the bit body and projecting beyond one end of the body, it is to be understood that under some conditions it may be found desirable to place the cutting strip upon one of the other faces of the body.

Furthermore the cutting strip can be ar- .ranged with its active end flush with the end of the body instead of projecting therebeyond, this being particularly permissible when the body of the bit is formed of a metal much softer than that of which the cutting strip is made. These modified forms are so obvious that it has not been deemed necessary to illustrate them.

\Vhat is claimed is:

1. A bit for mining machines including a body having one end portion curved forwardly, the front and back faces of said portion converging to an edge, a longitudinal channel within the front face of the body and of said curved portion, said channel 6X1 tending longitudinally of the bit, a cutting element seated within the channel and proj ecting at one end to the edge of the bit, and means integral with the body and overlapping a portion of the cutting element to hold said element within that portion of the channel in the curved-portion of the bit.

2. A bit for mining machines, including a body having one end portion curved forwardly, there being a longitudinal channel .within the front face of said curved portion,

engaging the said cutting element for holding the cutting element seated in that portion of the channel in the curved portion.

3. A bit for mining machinesdncluding a body having one end portion curved forwardly, there being a longitudinal channel Within the front face of the body and Within the front or concaved face of said curved portion, a cutting element seated Within the channel and extending to the end of the curved portion, and means integral with the body for overlapping a portion of the cut ting element to hold said portion seated within that part of the channel in the curved portion.

4. In a mining machine the combination with a socket member, of a bit detaehably seated therein and having one end portion extended forwardly, there being a longitudinal channel Within the front face of the body and forwardly extended portion of the bit,

' a cutting element seated Within the channel and projecting to the end of the forwardly projecting portion, means integral with the body for engaging a portion of the cutting element to hold said portion seated Within that part of the channel located in the forwardly extending portion of the bit, and a set screw engaging the socket member for binding the cutting element upon the bit land for binding the bit in the socket mem- 5. In a mining machine the combination with a socket member, of a bit seated therein, a cutting element mounted upon one face of the bit and projecting to one end thereof, and a set screw engaging the socket member for binding the cutting element upon the bit and for binding the bit upon the socket member.

6. A bit for mining machines, including a body having a longitudinal channel, a portion of said channel being curved back into the body, a cutting element adjustably and detachably mounted Within the channel and projecting to one end of the body, and means integral With the body for overlapping a portion of the element to hold it in the curved portion of the channel.

7. In a mining machine the combination with a socket'member, of a bit detachably mounted therein and including a body having its front or advancing face curved forward to a blunt edge, there bein a longitudinal channel in the advancing Face of the body, a cutting element detachably and adjustably seated in the channel and project'- ing to said blunt edge, and means connected to the socket for binding said cutting element to the body and for holding the body Within the socket.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my'own, I have hereto aflixed my signature in the presence of two Witnesses.

J USTUS J.i\IOORI*1.

Witnesses:

SELINA WILLSON, Mormon E. MILLER. 

